Richard Arkwright and the Water Frames Impact

Richard Arkwright and the Water Frame's Impact Richard Arkwright got one of the pivotalâ figures in the Industrial Revolution when heâ invented the turning outline, later called the water outline, an innovation for precisely turning string. Early Life Richard Arkwright was conceived in Lancashire, England in 1732, the most youthful of 13 youngsters. He apprenticed with a hairdresser and wigmaker. The apprenticeship prompted his first vocation as a wigmaker, during which he gathered hair to make wigs and built up a procedure for coloring the hair to make diverse hued wigs.â The Spinning Frame In 1769 Arkwright licensed the innovation that made him rich, and his nation a financial powerhouse: The turning outline. The turning outline was a gadget that could create more grounded strings for yarns. The main models were fueled by waterwheels so the gadget came to be known as the water outline. It was the principal controlled, programmed, and consistent material machine and empowered the move away from little home assembling towards manufacturing plant creation, launching the Industrial Revolution. Arkwright assembled his first material factory in Cromford, England in 1774. Richard Arkwright was a money related achievement, however he later lost his patent rights for the turning outline, opening the entryway for a multiplication of material factories. Arkwright kicked the bucket a rich man in 1792. Samuel Slater Samuel Slater (1768-1835)â became another key figure in the Industrial Revolution when he sent out Arkwrights material developments to the Americas. On December 20, 1790, water-fueled apparatus for turning and checking cotton was gotten under way in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. In view of the plans of English innovator Richard Arkwright, a plant was worked by Samuel Slater on the Blackstone River. The Slater plant was the principal American manufacturing plant to effectively deliver cotton yarn with water-controlled machines. Slater was an ongoing English foreigner who apprenticed Arkwrights accomplice, Jebediah Strutt. Samuel Slater had sidestepped British law against displacement of material laborers so as to look for his fortune in America. Thought about the dad of the United States material industry, he in the long run assembled a few effective cotton processes in New England and built up the town of Slatersville, Rhode Island.

Sleep deprevation Essay Example For Students

Rest deprevation Essay Lack of sleep Dozing is something that is a basic piece of human instinct and is an unquestionable requirement with the end goal for one to be a practical individual. Rest is a thought that is joined by numerous spouses stories, including the thoughts that one needs seven to eight hours of rest every night and liquor causes one nod off and rest all the more adequately. One fantasy about rest is that during dozing, one is in a condition of nothingness. In truth, be that as it may, it has been found that during rest the mind is dynamic, varieties in heartbeat and breathing happen, and the eyes and ears are dynamic for the duration of the hour of rest. These exercises during a people rest are significant on the grounds that they help that individual be progressively mindful, wakeful, and alert during awareness. In the event that these significant exercises happen during rest, how can it be that individuals are so ready to short themselves of this essential movement? Albeit much about rest despite everything stays a riddle, research and investigations keep on demonstrating how significant rest is to every single individual. All through this paper, I will talk about rest and the impacts that it has on execution and wellbeing, particularly in undergrads. An undergrads dozing design is a dependable pointer to their degree of execution in the study hall and other school-partnered exercises, as an absence of rest prompts diminished execution. Rest is straightforwardly related the degree of execution and wellbeing in an individual; the more refreshed an individual is, the better that individual will perform and feel (Dryer, 1986). One inquiry that individuals appear to be uncertain about is actually what amount of rest is sufficient rest? In Inside Insomnia: How to Sleep Better Tonight, Dryer tells that the perfect measure of rest may change from individual to individual. She expresses that while seven to eight hours may appear to be the acknowledged normal, there are no fixed standards. A few people rest two hours daily, while others rest nine to twelve hours daily without grievance. She proceeds to state that as long as the long stretches of rest that one has gotten leaves them feeling vivacious and alert the following morning, at that point that individual has met their rest needs. Resting in overabundance doesn't generally permit the individual to feel progressively wakeful the following morning. Dryer accepts that attempting to rest longer than required will prompt long periods of hurling and turning, and not really feeling increasingly conscious the following morning. Fundamentally, the perfect measure of rest is whatever the sum is that leaves the individual inclination conscious and alert the next day. Notwithstanding the measure of time spent resting, in the event that one awakens feeling tired and encounters this tiredness for the duration of the day, that individual isn't giving oneself enough rest and is encountering lack of sleep. No fixed rules exist with respect to how much rest an individual needs. This changes in the individual and will likewise fluctuate all through that people lifetime. Despite the fact that there is no obvious definition, lack of sleep is alluded to as a state of not having as much peaceful rest as on needs (Dryer 1986). It is unequivocally accepted that being refreshed and conscious are crucial all together for an individual to have the option to perform at their most extreme potential during their time to day exercises. When looking at rest and understudies, numerous abnormal dozing designs are watched. It isn't irregular for an understudy to head to sleep at 2 or 3 a. m. what's more, rest until 12 p.m. This dozing example can be upset when an understudy is over-burden with work and either remains up later than expected, or rises sooner than expected. Here, the understudies typical resting design is upset and the understudy may encounter extraordinary tiredness for the duration of the day. With the requesting plan that numerous understudies have, their rest examples may fluctuate enormously from night to night, incredibly influencing the way that they feel starting with one day then onto the next. .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .postImageUrl , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:hover , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:visited , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:active { border:0!important; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:active , .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:hover { darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u316f 88cb52df64c01977125477771155 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u316f88cb52df64c01977125477771155:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Business morals Essay College understudies are at a high-hazard for lack of sleep. Numerous elements of an understudies life can prompt lack of sleep, incorporating living with flat mates, inordinate schoolwork, a bustling calendar, and celebrating around evening time. Numerous undergrads drive themselves to succeed, with little respect .

Five Tips for Your Junior Year of High School TKG

Five Tips for Your Junior Year of High School Ah, junior year. For many, junior year signifies such milestones as getting a driver’s license, but it is also known for striking fear in the hearts of underclassmen everywhere. Yes, it’s very true that junior year is a cornerstone year for the college application process, and while we want to assure you that it’s going to be alright, we also want you to be prepared for the reality that junior year brings in tow. You probably know by now that junior year is when most people start taking standardized tests, but it’s also the year in which you should be getting all of your ducks in a row so senior year is not a mad scramble to the finish line. Don’t know where to begin? Fret not, young reader. Take a breath, and then check out our tips below on how to get started. The Grades One of the most crucial things to do throughout the application process is to develop a niche in a particular academic area. Think of this as your own unique brand you’ve been cultivating throughout h igh school. By now, you’ve probably found one or two areas of study you really like and a few you can’t wait to leave behind. Hone in on those one to two areas. Are you a fiend for English literature or a budding mechanical engineer? Now is the time to get really specific and dive in. Pick the hardest classes your school offers that correlate most strongly to your areas of expertise. There’s really no magic trick. The key is to get As in those classes.   No excuses. The Resume Your extracurriculars should also move forward the goal of showing colleges you are an expert in a niche area. Spend junior year maximizing your extracurriculars. Become the president or a leadership position in two clubs or organizations that align with your brand and go above-and-beyond. The summer should be an extension of the school year. Pick impressive summer activities that fit with your two areas of interest. Take a summer course in that discipline at a prestigious college or contact a professo r doing research and become their summer assistant. Get published. If you’re interested in pursuing poli sci in school, get a job on a local or state-level campaign. What you don’t want to do is go on a teen tour, spend another summer at camp, or go on some volunteer program for privileged kids to a disadvantaged foreign country. Do something unique and impressive, and work hard. Jobs are okay, by the way. If you can find a job that fits within your area of expertise, great. Admissions counselors should respect the fact that students have to work for a living, too. The College List Junior year should also be spent touring colleges. The initial goal should be to get a sense of what you’re really looking for in a school. Do you like the fact that you have to get on a plane to visit, or would you rather just take a train? Are you into cold weather or beach vibes? Big, state school or small liberal arts college? It’s crucial that you answer these questions for yourself early o n so you can finalize a college list by the end of the year. By the way, don’t settle for the manufactured, sanctioned school tour. Hang out on campus  while visiting and don’t be afraid to ask students questions like “what do you do for fun?” This is the only way to get a real feel for the vibe at each place you visit. The Essays Your writing muscles should be flexing from all of those AP classes anyway. Put that talent to good use and get your essays out of the way the summer before senior year. The goal of each essay should be to show the school why you are a great fit, so before you do anything, make sure you do a deep-dive into each school to which you are applying so you can clearly articulate why you and that school (and the particular major you intend to pursue there) are a match made in heaven. Each essay should tell a specific story with a beginning, middle, and end. Fight the urge to tell stories that are really dramatic or existential. It’s okay to talk abou t what you do after school or what you cooked for dinner.   And the good news is, you don’t’ have to reinvent the wheel. A lot of schools have similar essay prompts. Feel free to re-purpose as many as you can. Just don’t forget to change the names and details. The Letters of Recommendation You should have been nurturing relationships with teachers all throughout high school, but now is the time to really take it home. Line up 2-3 excellent teacher recommendations from teachers with whom you have developed a strong rapport These should be teachers who instruct classes in your areas of expertise. Need help writing a standout essay? Call us. We help students develop unique and impressive applications.

Human Mind is Determined by the Body in the Emodiment...

What is embodiment? The embodiment theory holds that the nature of the human mind is largely determined by the form of the human body. Embodied cognition reflects the argument that the motor system influences our cognition, just as the mind influences bodily actions. People could be more effective if they thought/processed and planned and perceived as little as possible. A person’s intelligence would be used towards only handling the minimal amount of information necessary to make their behavior appropriate and more desirable to society. Our physical experience of the world and our spatial awareness, our bodily movement, and the way we manipulate objects provide the pattern for how we reason about the world. Reason is independent of†¦show more content†¦A significant human skill is learning to suppress the overriding contribution of the environment to conceptualization, and it allows the memory to guide conceptualization. The effort used in suppressing input fr om the environment pays off by allowing prediction, recollective memory, and language comprehension. Cognition is situated, time-pressured. Cognitive activity takes place in the context of a real-world environment, and inherently involves perception and action. We are mind on the hoof (Clark), and cognition must be understood in terms of how it functions under the pressure of real-time interaction with the environment. When you’re under pressure to make a decision, the choice that is made emerges from the confluence of pressures that you’re under. In the absence of pressure, a decision may be made differently. We off-load cognitive work onto the environment. Because of limits on our information-processing abilities, we exploit the environment to reduce the cognitive workload. We make the environment hold or even manipulate information for us, and we harvest that information only on a need-to-know basis. This is seen when people have calendars, agendas, PDAs, or anything to help them with everyday functions. We write things down so we can use the information when w e need it, instead of taking the time to memorize or encode it into our minds. The environment is part of the cognitive system. The information flow

Criminology Rational Choice Theory - 1683 Words

Name Instructor Course Date Essay Questions Question 1 At the core of criminology, there is a belief that a criminal decides to commit a crime after weighing the benefits and disadvantages of engaging. In such a case, the decision to commit the crime is a rational one, and the best way to counter it is through a deterrence-based system. The rational choice theory assumes that humans are self-centered and the actions they undertake determine the consequences they incur. The position of rationality concept assumes that criminal behaviors are not different from the non-criminal ones, in that they determine the intentional conducts individuals undertake, that is, they are not forced to conduct a crime. Criminals choose to engage in certain†¦show more content†¦Such a case represents general deterrence, where the person has not yet been previously punished but does not want to commit the crime since he or she does not want to be caught and prosecuted. The threat of established legal sanctions are the inhibitors to a person who wants to commit a crime for the first time. The other form is specific deterrence, where an individual decides to refrain from conducting a crime due to fear of being prosecuted again, after a previous sanction on the individual. The fear of conducting a crime, in this case, arises from threats of previous punishment and fear of being punished again. For example, an inmate who was recently released from prison may fear to conduct another crime since he or she does not want to be rearrested and prosecuted again. The person is already aware of the punishments and sanctions that a criminal undergoes if arrested, and thus decides to refrain from engaging in criminal activities. It is one of the measures that reduce the number of criminals, especially those inmates previous arrested and released. Question 2 The growth of metropolitan cities led to rural-urban migration amongst most societies, with most individuals moving to urban centers to acquire employment opportunities inShow MoreRelatedThe Rational Choice Theory Of Criminology1106 Words   |  5 Pages The Rational Choice Theory April Smolkowicz Criminology 3200 Georgia Gwinnett College  The Classical School of Criminology was developed by two utilitarian philosophers, Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham during the early 17th century. The Classical School of Criminology is an important theory in the framework of criminal behavior, with principle themes that include: criminal acts are of individuals free will and rational deliberation, calculating, and hedonistic beings. CriminalsRead MoreRational Choice Theory Criminology1151 Words   |  5 PagesIn Criminology, Prof. Boldt has either talked about or brought up a few dozen theories in just a few weeks. However one theory seems to show up more than the others, and is the more dominant explanation in describing criminal behavior. This concept is referred to as Rational Choice Theory. Over time theories have been produced to explain and help understand what leads to criminal behavior. The reason why people have studied these theories so closely is because of the helpful nature it provides toRead MoreRational Choice Theo ry: Criminology901 Words   |  4 PagesChoice theory was born out of the perspective of crime causation which states that criminality is the result of conscious choice. This theory is also known as the rational choice theory. According to this theory, the choice whether or not to commit a criminal act is the result of a rational thought process that weighs the risks of paying the costs of committing a crime, against the benefits obtained. In other words, if the benefits--monetary or otherwise--outweigh the risks of sustaining the costsRead MoreRational Choice Theory Criminology1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe Classical School of Criminology, established by Cesare Beccaria, promotes the use of reason as the basis of legal authority and is based on the assumption that individuals weigh the consequences of their acts before committing a crime. It was based was based on assumptions that Individuals can â€Å"choose legal or illegal means to get what they want, fear of punishment can deter them from committing crime, and society can control behavior by making the pain of punishment greater than the pleasureRead MoreRational Choice Theory: Merits and Limitations1195 Words   |  5 Pagesinsight into Rational Choice Theory. This theory, highly relied upon by many disciplines, is also used to calculate and determine crime and criminal behavior. Through definition, example and techniques utilized by criminologists, the reader will have a better understanding of the subject. By definition, criminology is the study of crime, criminal behavior and how it pertains to the law. Criminology is considered a scientific technique. Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are consideredRead MoreRational Decision Making And Its Effect On Crime Causation Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pages Rational Decision Making and its Effect on Crime Causation Most, if not all Americans, are familiar with the story of Batman and his alter ego Bruce Wayne. As a small child Bruce s parents were brutally gunned down in front of him prompting him to don the cape and mask to rid Gotham city of injustice. In the 2005 movie adaptation starring Christian Bale, Batman is asked why he so selflessly protects the city. He replies, â€Å"It s not who I am underneath, but what I do that defines me.† I believeRead MoreThe Theories Of Criminology And The Riots930 Words   |  4 PagesEvery crime has a correlation with a theory in criminology. These theories explain why crime happens and some even go to the extent to come up with a solution to prevent or stop crime. This paper will explore how certain theories of criminology connect with the riots that happened in Ferguson, Missouri. Facts from different articles will be used to back up the theory. The theories will explain why rioters committed the crimes did. The paper will take the actions of t he protestors and explain whyRead MoreRational Choice Theory Of Criminal Behavior Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagescase the choices that criminals make brings them pleasure and adrenaline. Criminal choices can be controlled by fear of punishment, but not all the time. The crime will be limited when the benefits are reduced and the costs increase. Rational choice theory is a perspective that holds criminality in the result of conscious choice. Not to mention, that it is predicted that individuals choose to commit crime when the benefits outweigh the costs of disobeying the law. In the rational choice theory, individualsRead MoreThe Rational Choice Theory1728 Words   |  7 PagesLa’Shante Samuels Kaplan University, CJ102 Criminology Unit Five Midterm Project The Rational Choice theory approach has been used by social and political scientists to put some type of meaning of why humans behave in a certain way. In recent years, rational choice theory has been widely used in other disciplines such as sociology, political science, and anthropology. It has gained influence in politics and sociology over the past thirty years. This choice theory stressed the role of knowledgeable selfRead MoreGeneral Theory Of Crime And Delinquency919 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Theory of Crime and Delinquency Many theories exist including biological, psychological, and sociological theories that have been proposed by many criminologists in the criminal justice field and have been closely studied by people (Agnew, Cullen, Wilcox, 2004). Most theories are proposed at the micro level meaning it tries to explain the criminal behavior of individuals and some are proposed at the macro level which tries to explain the crime rates in social groups, meaning micro focuses

The Cellular Basis of Cancer - 2323 Words

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide as it can develop in almost any organ or tissue. Significant advances in understanding the cellular basis of cancer and the underlying biological mechanisms of tumour has been vastly improved in the recent years (Jiang et al. 1994). Cancer is a genetic disease which requires a series of mutation during mitosis to develop, its characteristics can be associated with their ability to grow and divide abnormal cells uncontrollable while in the mean time invade and cause nearby blood vessels to serve its need. Even though many people are affected by cancer today, the abilities which cancer cells have make it hard to find a single effective treatment for cancer. The focus of research now lies†¦show more content†¦This ability of malign cancer to make their way across basement membrane and into blood vessels is what makes cancer so fatal and impossible to be cure by surgery alone. The result of metastasis and invasion in normal tissue by cancer cells are often seen as one of the distinctive features of malignancy (Ruoslahti 1996). Even though the ability of invasion and metastasis are one of the hallmarks for cancer, these abilities are not unique to cancer cells as it can also occur during the early development stage of the embryo, in healthy organisms and in many noncancerous diseases (Mareel amp; Leroy 2003). It does not matter whenever the organism has developed benign or malign cancer, all cancer cells have the ability to disturb the normal cell cycle and threaten the survival of the organism. The uncontrollable spread of cancer is the principal event which leads to the death in individuals with cancer and it is the greatest barrier of developing cures for cancer. Metastasis is the progressive spread of malignant cancer cells from the primary tumour to secondary organ in distant sites and this potential is dependent on the specific microenvironment which support them to complete each step of the metastatic process (Poste amp; Fidler 1980). To understand the molecular basis of metastasis, investigators have now separated the complex and highly selective metastasis process into series of steps to try and solve the problems cause byShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Cancer1303 Words   |  6 Pages Cancer, also known as malignant neoplasm, the hallmark characteristic involves uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Under normal conditions cell grow, divide and die, but in cancer cells the defect takes place at the gene level leading to the formation of an abnormal DNA. As genes are the basic control machines of the cell, alteration of any kind may bring devastating consequences, or malignancy. Moreover, in normal cells damage of any kind is taken care by the repair system but in cancer cellsRead MoreMetabolic Processes of Cancer Cells1770 Words   |  7 Pagessupply of nutrients. When this supply exceeds the nutrient levels required for cell division, specialized regulatory systems prevent uncontrolled cellular proliferation. In other words, cells only take up nutrients from their environment upon stimulation by growth factors. By acquiring mutations that alter the receptor-initiated signaling pathways, cancer cells are able to overcome the growth factor dependence exhibited by normal cells. These oncogenic mutations promote the uptake of nutrients, particularlyRead MoreCell Abscission : The Final Step Of Cytokinesis1505 Words   |  7 Pagescoordinate the timing between exit from mitosis and formation of furrow to ensure accurate cell division28. 3.3 The mechanism underpinning cell abscission The orchestration of the cytoskeleton rearrangement, plasma membrane remodelling is carried on the basis of the midbody which undergoes thinning over time29. Shortening of the midbody leads to recruitment of the Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery, which cleaves the midbody to generate two cells30. The ESCRT machineryRead MoreShould Sunblock Be Applied Every Day?956 Words   |  4 Pagessunburns, blisters, sores and possibly skin cancer. Going to the store can be challenging when looking for a sunblock to purchase that will be the right form of defense because of all the choses people have from SPF 15 on up to SPF 100 and also UBV/UVA with and without each. Unfortunately, sunblock is normally the last thing that people think about before leaving the house in the morning. In the United States, skin cancers are the leading form of cancer, and on they are on a rise. The need for reapplicationRead MoreDescription Of Biological Signals Control Cells1111 W ords   |  5 PagesCellular proccess that are crucial for health or disease are orchestrated by the expression of multiple genes in a network of differential complex signaling pathways, consisting of many physical and functional interactions. Unlike the stable genome structure, the highly dynamic interactome represents a major challenge for quantitative mapping of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). In this article, I will discuss the latest systems science advances by using breakthrough technologies to gain an understandingRead MoreAdaptation Of The Cancer Cell925 Words   |  4 Pages Cancer cells have characteristic metabolic properties distinct from their normal cell neighbors. The best-known example is the Warburg effect: Cancer cells uptake more glucose than their neighbors and do lactate fermentation even in the presence of oxygen. Altered metabolism is now regarded as an emerging hallmark of cancer. However, how altered metabolism contributes to cancer is still unclear. My goal is to elucidate the mechanism at the molecular level. A better understanding of the mechanismRead MoreNuclear Medicine : A Global Link For The Scientific Community1383 Words   |  6 Pages through radiopharmaceuticals. â€Å"[Radiopharmaceuticals] may be put into a vein, taken by mouth, or placed in a body cavity. Depending on the drug and how it’s given, these materials travel to various parts of the body to treat cancer or relieve its symptoms† (American Cancer Society, 2014). By examining the complications which are attempting to be solved, it is evident that the medicinal uses of radioisotopes are a global link for the scientific community. However, in order to understand nuclear medicineRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cancer1432 Words   |  6 Pagesmeans the use of any kind of drug to treat a disease, but today, it is most used in a cancer context. These drugs can also be known as cytotoxic (i.e. cell-killing) drugs or as antineoplastic (i.e. anti-cancer) drugs. But what is this complex disease called cancer? Cancer is a multi-step process mainly characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth and proliferation. Chemotherapy is very different from other cancer treatments, such as surgery or radiotherapy. One of the main reasons for this is, althoughRead MoreThe Importance Of Cancer Cells In Tumours1264 Words   |  6 Pages13It is well documented that many types of tumours contain cancer cells with heterogeneous phenotypes reflecting aspects of the differentiation that normally occurs in the tissues from which the tumours arise. The variable expression of normal differentiation markers by cancer cells in a tumour suggests that some of the heterogeneity in tumours arises as a result of the anomalous differentiation of tumour cells. Examples of this include the variable expression of myeloid markers in chronic myeloidRead MoreEssay On Implication Of JK-STAT1490 Words   |  6 Pagesaccountable for the transduction of extracellular stimulus into transcriptional factors that regulate several cellular functions. STATs are also known to exert additional functions such as affecting oxidative phos phorylation in mitochondria, regulating chromatin compliance and epigenetic markings in the nucleus and interacting with the microtubule components in the cytoplasm which are responsible for cellular motility (4). This pathway has been observed to play an integral role in the development of mammary

Animal Farm and 1984 Comparison Essay Example For Students

Animal Farm and 1984 Comparison Essay In his books, Animal Farm and 1984, George Orwell creates two similar societies attempting to achieve perfection through tyranny but the environment of each supports a different culture. In both Animal Farm and 1984 the ruling society depresses the individual in order to achieve his total obedience. In Animal Farm the environment is static à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" that of a rigid society- that of a small space -for it is in a farm. Because it is so simple, so undeveloped technology wise, a different society immerges, a society more similar to that of today, then to that of the other book, 1984. In 1984, the government controls the individual technology wise. It uses technology in order to watch everything the individual does, so the individual will not rebel and that society will maintain the way it is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the way it supposed to be technology controlled Tarnoff online. Right at the beginning of 1984, Orwell presents the reader with how much the government controls and supervises what the individual does. On the first page he describes a poster with a mens picture on it, and a caption underneath à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Big Brother Is Watching You. That shows how the government tries to intimidate the people in order for the people to listen to them and do as the government tells them to Orwell, 1984 5. In Animal Farm the pigs, which control the farm, use another method to achieve the same result. When the animals were working on the windmill Napoleon, the leader, announced that there will be work on Sunday, off course he said that it will be strictly voluntary, but, who ever does not volunteer will have his rations reduced by half. It does not matter how, but in both 1984 and Animal Farm, the leaders use some kind of oppression to control the individual whether it is fear of hunger or fear of violating the law Orwell, Animal Farm 63. The environment of each book is quite different. In Animal Farm it is a farm, and that creates a society which is easy to control because there is less space and less places to go to. It was easier for the pigs to control and supervise the animals. That way they had control over all the animals, so any animal that wanted to get away from the totalitarianism that controlled the farm the pigs knew about it and dealt with it appropriately. For example à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" when the three hens come forward and admit that snowball came to them in a dream à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" they are slaughtered. As Harold Bloom said in his book, this is an obvious parallel to the purge trials of the 1930s 18. In 1984, George Orwell opens us to a futuristic society where technology controls everything. At the beginning of the book Orwell describes a telescreen à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a kind of television screen that makes it possible for the government to see, and supervise everything the individual is doing. That is the way the government indicates how  powerful they really are, and that they can see and hear everything a person does. Mainly because of that technology, the government finds out about Winston Smith affair with Julia and about his rebellious thoughts against the government. Because of those thoughts he is tortured so much, that eventually he gives up his personal freedom and his love to Julia. In his book William Steinhoff say that after he is tortured so much, Winston is cut off from past and future and his conscience extinguishes when he cries to the torturers to send the rats to Julia à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Do it to Julia! Do it to Julia! Not me! Julia! I dont care what you do to her!Orwell, 1984 236. He also says that Winston is bullied so much, beaten so much, tortured so much, that he is reduced to a statues below that of an animal. That would never have happened if technology were not used in such a cruel, intimidating way. It created a society where people are afraid of technology, of the people who created it, of the government, of big brother 210.

4 Things You Wont Know Until You Go to UPenn

You’ve done all your research. You applied to the school of your dreams, but what if it’s not what you imagined? No matter how thorough your college research was, there are just a few things you won’t know until you’re a student. See what these 4 students from the University of Pennsylvania was surprised to find after enrolling: jjanice96 UPenn ‘18 One tip of advice I would give to incoming students is to not compare yourself to others. I found this really hard not to do when I first came to Penn because I was surrounded by such accomplished and intelligent people, and this made me question why I was at Penn and how did I belong with such a class. Try not to make comparisons like this. You are at Penn for a reason. Set goals, try your best, and dont be discouraged by numerical or letter grades especially in comparison to others. Focus on your own holistic growth and know that with the right, positive mindset, you are capable of achieving anything. Krpea UPenn ‘18 Before I came to Penn, I was nervous that I wouldnt fit in. Penn has a reputation for being a very pre-professional type school, and in truth, this is not altogether unfounded. We have Wharton, the Engineering School, the Nursing schoolIve met many students who plan on becoming lawyers, doctors, dentists, and consultants. I, on the other hand, am an artsy academic type with eclectic and unusual interestsFlamenco dancing? French avante grade poetry? Egyptian Hieroglyphs? Im not exactly bound for wall street. Luckily, I found that I dont need to fit in to the dominant culture to be happy here. Penn is huge, and even if a lot of people are hyper-focused on networking and on campus recruiting, not everyone is. We have artists, writers, dancers, singers, actors, historians, and philosophers aplenty. This school has amazing faculty and resources to help you pursue any topic you can imagine, and if you cant find something on campus, you can certainly find it in Philly. I enjoy swing dancing on campus, but Im also part of a larger dance community in the city. If you are a pre-professional type, Penn will be great for you, and if youre not, Penn will be great for you too! Any college is what you make of it, but Penn especially is so flexible and so diverse that I can promise you youll find your crowd in no time. Matthew Hanna UPennAs with any Ivy, I now know how competitive the students are. Courses on curves are very difficult because there is no way to know how the other students are doing. Big Tip: focus on yourself and you will grow- the rest will work itself out. Its about learning, NOT GRADES. QuakerGirlUPenn ‘19I never knew about the work hard, play hard environment. Or rather, Id heard of it, but only in the same way that Id heard people say Berkeley has hippies or UIllinois is where fun goes to die. It was just a silly colloquialism that was left unverified, and probably not true of the general populationthat is, until I visited. The alumni network at UPenn is exceptional. And since its such a selective school, only about 30 people from Washington state get in per year. Thus, the Washington network is pretty-close knit, and some of the alumni helped me organize my visitthey even connected me with a host who was currently a freshman at Penn, and from my area. Once there, I talked with her and her friends, scheduled interviews with professers to garner information and research opportunities, and explored the campus. And I learned it was true (granted, I did visit the day after the infamous Spring Fling): Penn works you hard; the academics are rigorous; the standards are high. But in the midst of it all, people really let go. Theres no shame in hardcore partying or casualanything. People can be fairly free-spirited and fun as well as driven and professional. It just depends on the time of day and week you catch them at. Penn is also called the Social Ivy, and it really is. The social life there is great, which is one of the reasons I chose it over the University of Washington - Seattle. Its less stressful than many other Ivies and schools, but not any easier. People just know how to find balance here. A little tip, though: dont mention the phrase work hard, play hard to anyone at Penn. Its super cliche and annoying. Are you looking to apply toUPennor just starting to build outyour college list? Make sure to search through profiles of students accepted to see essays, stats, and advice. See how they got in, and how you can too!

Free Essays on Describing Marlows Character In The Heart Of Darkness

Pg: 10. "When I grow up I will go there." Pg: 31. "You have no idea how effective such a ... a ... faculty can be." Pg: 39. "You know I hate, detest, and can't bear a lie, not because I am straighter than the rest of us, but simply because it appals me." Pg: 93. "I did not know how truly I spoke." Pg: 108. "Perhaps it was an impulse of unconscious loyalty..." Marlow is seen as a traditional hero in this novel. He is portrayed as tough, honest, independent and capable. To the reader he is seen as human because we can identify with him throughout, for ex. when his helmsman is killed, he gets so afraid, anxious and scared, that he takes his shoes off and throws them overboard. Throughout the book Kurtz is mostly seen as an object, whereas Marlow is the one you grow an emotional bond with. What drew me to the first quote I used? Marlow was already a grown-up when he said this. Traveling, for me personally, enlightens and gives one a bigger perspective on other cultures etc. I think Marlow feels the need to grow on that level, and therefore uses this phrase. It shows the reader that he sees himself as someone who is still learning and growing, mentally. It might even be true of Conrad himself. It is ironic that Marlow would say that he "detests" a lie. The way he is characterized is of an honest man, one with integrity. And then he tells a lie. Marlow was a younger man when he went to Africa and now he is a sadder, wiser man sitting aboard the Nellie posed like Buddha because he realizes his failure to tell the truth and is seeking to live uprightly. It actually shows Marlow's honesty. It is mentioned a few times that Europeans in that time went on "Expeditions" to discover new places of meaning. They wanted to leave a legacy behind and feel important. I think Marlow wants to be seen by his peers as someone who has presence. The fact that he thinks it is "powerful" if you can walk in to a room and make people feel "uneasy.... Free Essays on Describing Marlow's Character In The Heart Of Darkness Free Essays on Describing Marlow's Character In The Heart Of Darkness Pg: 10. "When I grow up I will go there." Pg: 31. "You have no idea how effective such a ... a ... faculty can be." Pg: 39. "You know I hate, detest, and can't bear a lie, not because I am straighter than the rest of us, but simply because it appals me." Pg: 93. "I did not know how truly I spoke." Pg: 108. "Perhaps it was an impulse of unconscious loyalty..." Marlow is seen as a traditional hero in this novel. He is portrayed as tough, honest, independent and capable. To the reader he is seen as human because we can identify with him throughout, for ex. when his helmsman is killed, he gets so afraid, anxious and scared, that he takes his shoes off and throws them overboard. Throughout the book Kurtz is mostly seen as an object, whereas Marlow is the one you grow an emotional bond with. What drew me to the first quote I used? Marlow was already a grown-up when he said this. Traveling, for me personally, enlightens and gives one a bigger perspective on other cultures etc. I think Marlow feels the need to grow on that level, and therefore uses this phrase. It shows the reader that he sees himself as someone who is still learning and growing, mentally. It might even be true of Conrad himself. It is ironic that Marlow would say that he "detests" a lie. The way he is characterized is of an honest man, one with integrity. And then he tells a lie. Marlow was a younger man when he went to Africa and now he is a sadder, wiser man sitting aboard the Nellie posed like Buddha because he realizes his failure to tell the truth and is seeking to live uprightly. It actually shows Marlow's honesty. It is mentioned a few times that Europeans in that time went on "Expeditions" to discover new places of meaning. They wanted to leave a legacy behind and feel important. I think Marlow wants to be seen by his peers as someone who has presence. The fact that he thinks it is "powerful" if you can walk in to a room and make people feel "uneasy....

First nation studies - R. V. Sparrow case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

First nation studies - R. V. Sparrow - Case Study Example As the categories of Aboriginal rights in Section 35 were not clearly mentioned in the Act, it was claimed that the aboriginal right to fishing was not extinguished before implementation of the 1982 Constitution Act and hence, the arrest of Ronald Sparrow in this case was unjustified (Binnie 217). The claim was put up in the court of British Columbia with the full support of Musqueam band who viewed the arrest of their member, Ronal Sparrow to be unjustified. They opposed that the government had no rights to infringe upon the aboriginal rights of people in undertaking activities of fishing, hunting, etc as the these rights were not extinguished before the Section 35 of 1982 Constitution Act was passed (Tennant 375). The claim received support from the scholars and human rights activists. The supporters of this case were of the view that the provincial regulations in British Columbia discriminated the aboriginal rights of the people as opposed to the non-aboriginal rights which were unjustified in terms of law of the land. The court case of Ronald Sparrow continued for about six years starting from the initial point of claim in the lower courts to the final verdict being given by the Supreme Court. After the arrest of Musqueam band member, Ronald Sparrow in 1984, the case was filed which eventually moved to the Supreme Court in 1988 and continued till 1990. The proceedings of the court case started with the conviction of Ronald Sparrow as he accepted the fact that he was fishing with a net larger than that mentioned in his food license. However, in his defense Mr. Sparrow argued that he was at the same time executing an aboriginal right of fishing which has been inherited by him from his ancestors. The Crown on the other hand tried to establish that the aboriginal rights have been regulated from the time the Constitution Act of 1982 has been

The Microenvironment of Amazon.com Research Paper

The Microenvironment of Amazon.com - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that collaboration is concerned with how firms participate in the market through channel members and/or customers leading to the co-creation of value, strong supply chain relationships, partnerships and use of social media. Amazon.com is always seeking collaborative relationships to help grow its business, leading to the creation of customer value and market performance. According to Cimpanu, Amazon collaborated with Target from 2001 where the latter’s e-commerce platform was managed by Amazon.com as it had the capability and experience to do so. This collaboration was however ended in 2011 after several lawsuits against Amazon. The company has also collaborated with some partners in the fashion industry. For instance, according to Vogue, Amazon launched an exclusive collaboration with Meadham Kirchoff designers for a collection of sweatshirts. Still, in the same industry, Amazon is collaborating with another designer for Derek Lamâ₠¬â„¢s 10 Crosby contemporary line. Amazon has also opened up collaboration with other entrepreneurs through its cloud system whereby other entrepreneurs can use it at a cost of 10 cents an hour and harness its computing capability. McConnell reports that Amazon launched ProductWiki which opened the door for citizen marketing as it allowed customer editable information. These collaborations have enabled Amazon to deliver value to customers by providing a variety of products at affordable costs and at their convenience. Customers can, therefore, find a wide variety of products from books to electronics to clothes, courtesy of the various collaborations that Amazon engages in with a number of partners.

Development of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor

Development of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor INTRODUCTION CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION The physical processes involved in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena were first reported by R.M. Wood in 1902 [1]. In this work, Wood observed a repeated pattern of dark and bright light bands in the reflected light, when he irradiated polarized light on a mirror with a diffraction grating on its surface. The physical interpretation of SPR mechanism was first initiated by the British physicist Lord Rayleigh [2], and further refined by Fano [3], but its satisfactory explanation was not available until 1968, when Otto [4] and in the same year Kretschmann and Raether [5] reported the excitation of surface plasmons on the metal/dielectric interface. Its first use in a real-time analysis of a biological system was demonstrated in 1990s by Karlsson et al. [6]. Since then, The SPR has become a crucial optical sensing technique in the areas of biology, microbiology, biochemistry, and medical sciences because of its noninvasive nature [7]. The commercially available SPR based devices are not so cost-effective and require consumable sensor chips demanding certain specifications of size, thickness, effective sensing area and so on. For example, The Biacore (acquired by General Electric Healthcare in 2006), a life science products company, are providing a variety of models of SPR-based instruments (a typical cost of $120,000–$250,000) that exhibit compatibility only with expensive Biacore accessories. Moreover, the associated high operational cost inhibits introduction of SPR technique into laboratory classes at the undergraduate or postgraduate level. In addition to that, the commercial SPR instrument is not a good teaching tool because all the components, of the apparatus, are enclosed, thus preventing the students from visualizing the details of the SPR instrumentation. The primary motivation behind the present project work is to develop a low-cost SPR based multipurpose optical sensor especially intended for undergraduate and postgraduate education and Research. The proposed homemade SPR sensor is supposed to be cost-effective, and whose all components would be accessible for visualization and manipulations in future. The presented design not only allows its integration with various other mechanical and electronic add-ons, but also could prove to be an ingenious teaching tool for the students to understand and appreciate the modern instrumentation. In addition, once developed, this instrument could also serve the Research purposes of general chemistry, biochemistry, physical chemistry, Nanotechnology and Material Sciences. For this purpose it was necessary to arrange low cost experimental components but keeping in mind that these components work well to satisfy our purpose. It took a long time first to decide the components, and then taking overviews from various places regarding the type of component available and the price of that particular component. After comparing and analyzing the need and price of whole set-up the components were arranged from different market places. After arranging the components it was necessary to prepare the experimental set-up in a well mannered way to fulfill our purposes. Again it took a long time to arrange them in a dark room (as we were working on light and its intensity measurement) as to get a well observable result. The most difficult and time consuming task was to produce a thin metallic film on the glass slide of a specific thickness to get a better result. Metallic film was of gold and the coating unit was a magnetron sputtering gold coater available in the department of the institute. Initially it was a difficult task to coat the glass slide of specific thickness, for which we coated various glass slides with different thicknesses using variable coating time of the coater. Then we did the experiments with that thickness but didn’t get the results. Then glass slides were again coated to increase the gold film thickness. This process was repeated various times and at last we were succeeded to produce the res ults from the glass slides of different thicknesses. In this dissertation work, we first introduce the principle of Surface Plasmon Resonance and other associated phenomena. Following the introduction part, we describe some literature reviews in next section of report. We further describe the details of the crucial components that would be used in the development of SPR based Sensor or can be termed as the Experimental Set-up for the Surface Plasmon Resonance phenomenon. The very next section contains the soul of the whole report or the Results, mentioned as results and discussion. We finally conclude the report by enumerating the work done so far, the future course of work followed by the References that have been used for the literature survey. SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE- Principle: SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE(SPR): The resonant oscillation of conduction electrons, at the interface between a metal and dielectric, stimulated at the optical frequencies is called the SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE (SPR). This  resonance  condition is satisfied once the incident  photon frequency matches with the natural frequency of surface electrons, which are oscillating under the action of restoring force of positive nuclei of the metallic atoms. The resonance phenomena has been shown to have many applications such as in Gas detection and immune-sensing [8,9], efficiency enhancement of Solar Cells [10], and Magneto-Optical based imaging etc. [11,12]. Figure 1 shows a typical surface Plasmon resonance set-up which consists of a light source, prism, gold film, and a detector. Figure 1: Schematic diagram of a surface Plasmon resonance set-up. Here n1 and n2 show the refractive indexes of prism and air respectively. SURFACE PLASMON POLARITONS (SPP) wave -The surface  electromagnetic waves, propagating along the  metal/dielectric  or metal/vacuum interface, is known as SURFACE PLASMON POLARITONS (SPP) wave. As the SPP wave is propagating along the boundary of the metal and the external medium (air or dielectric), the aforesaid resonant oscillations become extremely sensitive to any change occurring at the boundary, for instance the adsorption of molecules to the metal surface or change in refractive index at the metal-dielectric surface. Thus the sensitivity associated with metal – dielectric interface can be exploited to obtain a non-destructive and cost effective multipurpose sensor for detection of Chemical and Biological species. According to different literature [9,12], the sensing properties has been quite useful for monitoring food quality, safety analysis, medical diagnostics and environmental changes etc. A typical SPR sensor consists of a dispersive element, such as prism or a plane reflection grating, coated with a metallic layer (Gold) and a dielectric layer (usually polymers or bio molecule layers). The Kretschmann configuration, as shown in Figure 2, is often used in most of the SPR sensor applications, where a metal (typically silver or gold) film is placed at the interface of two dielectric media. The medium 1 with higher refractive index (n1) is a prism and the medium 2 with lower refractive index (n2) can be the air or the dielectric of interest. A collimated p-polarized light beam, entering from the glass side undergoes a total internal reflection and interacts with the metallic layer at the critical angel of incidence (as shown in Figure 2). The surface plasmons (SP), at the metallic surface, are excited at the resonance optical frequency resulting in absorption of a part of incident light energy and hence leading to a sudden drop in Reflectance at a specific angle à ¯Ã‚   ±0 adjacent to the critical angle à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ±C. The resonance condition of the SPs is sensitive to any change in the refractive index of the metal-dielectric interface and leads to shift of à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ±0 to a new angle à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ±1 (Figure 2). The change in the intensity of reflected or diffracted light or its wavelength or angular spectrum can be monitored using a charge coupled device arrays or photodiode arrays, for different sensing purposes [13-16]. Figure 2: Diagram representing the Surface Plasmon Resonance mechanism. TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION AND EVANESCENT WAVES: When the light travels from the higher refractive index medium 1 (glass) to the lower refractive index medium 2 (air or dielectric), the total internal reflection (TIR) takes place within medium 1 for the incident angles ÃŽ ¸ greater than the critical angle ÃŽ ¸C, satisfying the Snell’s relation Sin (ÃŽ ¸C) = n2/n1. The Evanescent waves, a near-field wave, are produced in the lower refractive index medium 2 (air or dielectric) under the TIR condition. As the meaning of Evanescent is tending to vanish, the amplitude of evanescent waves decays exponentially with the distance from the point of incidence, to the interface of the media 1 and 2. When a nonmagnetic gold film with a suitable thickness is sandwiched between the media 1 and 2, the amplitude of evanescent wave is enhanced, penetrating in the gold film and also existing simultaneously in the medium 2. Using the well known Fresnel’s relations, magnitude of the parallel wave vector of the evanescent wave, , is expres sed as; (1) where ÃŽ » is the wavelength of the incident light, n1 is the refractive index of the higher refractive index medium 1, and ÃŽ ¸ is the angle of incidence. Figure 3: Schematic diagram showing a layer system of surface Plasmon resonance where kevan and ksp are wave vectors given in equations. SURFACE PLASMONS: Surface plasmons (quanta of plasma), are the surface electromagnetic wave travelling along the limited region of metal–dielectric interface. The magnitude of the wave vector of the surface plasmon is connected to the dielectric constants of medium 2 (n2) and the gold film (ng). For most of the non absorbing materials, the magnetic permeability is very close to unity at optical frequencies. Hence, the dielectric constant for such materials becomes equal to the square of the refractive index i.e. ÃŽ µ = n2. Here ÃŽ µ is the dielectric constant and n is the refractive index. As a result, can be obtained from n2 and ng using the following relation; (2) where n2 is the refractive index of medium 2 adjacent to the interface and ng is the refractive index of the gold film. SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE: In presence of the evanescent wave, the surface plasmon can be excited leading to the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In this situation, the intensity of the reflected light, from the metal-dielectric interface, decreases abruptly (as shown in Figure 1). In this process the energy of evanescent wave is conserved and the energy of the excited surface plasmon is coupled to phonons or photons generation at the interface. Hence, the energy conservation requires that equals to . Thus, using eqs 1 and 2 the angle , at which SPR occurs, can be determined by below relation, (3) Here, the incident angle at which the minimum reflectivity is observed is called the SPR angle. The angle has been found to be slightly larger than the critical angle . It is clear from above expression that the angle is linked to n2 if n1 and ng are kept fixed. Hence, even a slight change in the refractive index of interfacial region is reflected in a significant change in the angle . For instance, the phenomena of adsorption and desorption of any gas, on the gold surface, changes the refractive index of media 2 near the metal–dielectric interface leading to change in the . Therefore, the monitoring the change in the angle can be used, as a technique, to study and analyze the adsorption– desorption or association–dissociation phenomena taking place on the gold surface. The refractive index, in the interfacial regime, changes with the mass and density of foreign species attached to the gold film surface. As a consequence, monitoring the change in the SPR angl e provides information about mass and density change on the gold surface, effectively within 200 nm from a metal surface. As mentioned above the surface Plasmon resonance will occur when, Also from the above discussion we know that the is a function of three parameters. The wavelength of incident light. The refractive index of medium 1 or glass prism. Angle of incidence of the incident light falling on the metal-dielectric junction. And also is a function of three parameters, The wavelength of incident light. The refractive index of metallic thin film. The refractive index of the second medium or the air. So we get five different parameters which can be used as varying parameters to get the optimum condition of Surface Plasmon Resonance which are, The wavelength of incident light, The refractive index of medium 1, The refractive index of medium 2, The refractive index of metallic film, and The angle of incidence of incident light. In wavelength interrogation Surface Plasmon Resonance device, wavelength of incident light is varied whereas the other parameters including incident angle, refractive indexes of medium 1, medium 2 and medium 3 are kept constant during the whole experiment. In this case there is a variation in the intensity of reflected light with variation in wavelength of incident light as shown in figure 4. Figure 4: Shows relationship between absorbance of reflected light and the wavelength of incident light. In angle interrogation Surface Plasmon Resonance device, incident angle of light is varied whereas the other parameters including wavelength of incident light, refractive indexes of medium 1, medium 2 and medium 3 are kept constant during the whole experiment. In this case there is a variation in the intensity of reflected light with variation in angle of incident light as shown in figure 5. Figure 5: Diagram indicating the relationship between intensity of reflected light and incident angle. The other type of interrogation device is refractive index interrogation Surface Plasmon Resonance device in which refractive index of any medium is varied which is a tough task and that is why used in very rare cases. Other parameters are kept constant in this type of interrogation system including wavelength of incident light as well as the incident angle of the light. In this case there is a variation in the intensity of reflected light with variation in refractive index of the medium taken in consideration as shown in figure 6. The one other and most complicated interrogation system is phase interrogation Surface Plasmon resonance device in which phase of the reflected light provides the information about the metal dielectric interface. Very less work has been done in this field and is a good topic to work on in future as angle dependent reflectance measurement and other methods discussed above are limited for detecting low weight molecules on the metal dielectric surface. Figure 6: shows relationship between intensity of reflected light and refractive index of the medium with three different gold film thicknesses. Now refractive indexes of medium 1(glass), medium 2(air) and the gold metallic thin film cannot be varied simply during a running experiment. So we have only two parameters which can be used as variable parameters, the wavelength of the incident light and the angle of incidence of that light falling on the set-up. In our work, we have used the later one for our purpose which is angle of incidence of the incident light on the metal dielectric interface, and making the wavelength of the incident light constant near about 650 nm which means we have used a red laser as a source of the light for our experimental set-up. Angle of incidence can be varied either be rotating the light source around the prism or by rotating the prism on its axis and making light source stationary. We are rotating the prism which is mounted on a rotational prism table to vary angle of incidence.

BELIEVE IT OR NOT :: essays research papers

It has always been a myth that sun signs describe who you are. Most of the times, it seems unbelievable to accept the fact that the position of the sun and the planets determine the person’s character, yet we mostly identify firmly with our signs. The characters from Jane Austen’s famous novel, Emma, can be identified with their signs because of their unique personality traits. I believe the protagonist of the novel, Emma Woodhouse, is definitely a Leo. It is stated that â€Å"In grandeur of manner, splendor of bearing and magnanimity of personality, Leos are the monarch’s among humans†. This definition is clearly true for Emma for she bears the nobility in her manners and position. She has a great deal of self confidence, but she also has a great fear of being ridiculed and made to feel disgraced. Though we do not see anyone making fun of her in the novel, she is very much affected by Mr. Knightley upbraiding after she behaves impolitely towards Miss Bates. A Leo is warmhearted, generous, creative, enthusiastic, faithful, ambitious, courageous, dominant, strong willed, independent, self-confident and readily noticed whenever she enters a room. Leos think and act bigger than others would normally dare; â€Å"the ambitiousness of their schemes and idealism sometimes daunt their supporters.† Emma definitely thinks â€Å"bigger† than she should, and her imagination is much beyond the realities. She tries to matchmake Harriet with Mr. Elton, then with Frank Churchill, both who do not have any attachments towards her. â€Å"Leos’ faults can be as large in scale as their virtues, and an excessively negative Leonian can be one of the most unpleasant human beings imaginable, displaying extreme arrogance, snobbish superiority, autocratic pride, haughtiness, and excessive hastiness of temper.† At the scene with the picnic in Donwell’s Abbey, Emma puts Miss Bates down harshly when she begins to chatter continually. Emma’s sharp remark shows her cruelty, arrogance, selfishness, pomposity with the most unpleasant manner. Mostly Leos use their powers for doing good, for they are strongly idealistic, humane, and beneficent, yet they do not hesitate to use cunning, lies and trickery to discredit their rivals if they’re jealous. This becomes true for Emma about her feelings towards Jane Fairfax. She has been brought up like a princess, getting the most attention and love. However, when Miss Bates mentions Jane Fairfax’s letter or Mr. Knightley talks about Jane Fairfax’s beauty and gentleness, Emma suddenly becomes jealous of her.

Critical analysis of “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson Essay

Overall Shirley Jackson discusses the movement of the setting, the unusual foreshadowing, and the outermost symbolism in â€Å"The Lottery† to give an overall point of view of the story. Even though a small village made seem peaceful, and a good place to raise a family, it is not always what it seems to be. The reader is about to enter a world with ritualistic ceremony and religious orthodoxy in â€Å"The Lottery.† The Lottery takes place on a clear and sunny summer morning around June 27 in a small village with about three hundred villagers gathering together in the central square for the annual lottery. As a child Shirley Jackson was interested in writing; she won a poetry prize at age twelve, and in high school she keeps a diary to record her writing progress. In 1937 she entered Syracuse University, where she published stories in the student literary magazine. Despite her busy life as a wife and a mother of four children, she wrote every day on a disciplined schedule. â€Å"The Lottery† is one of Jackson’s best-known works. In â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson will discusses the movement of the setting, unusual foreshadowing and outermost symbolism to give us an overall point of view from the story. When one thinks of a lottery, one imagines winning a large sum of money. Shirley Jackson uses the setting in â€Å"The Lottery† to foreshadow an ironic ending. The peaceful and tranquil town described in this story has an annual lottery every June 27 early part of 1800’s in a small village with 300 people (456). Setting is to describe time and place of the story. The story occurs â€Å"around ten o’clock† (456). This is an unusual time because in most towns all the adults would be working during mid-morning. In the lottery an ironic ending is also foretold by the town’s setting being described as one of normalcy. The town square is described as being â€Å"between the post office and the bank† (456). Every normal town has these buildings, which are essential for day-to-day functioning. Throughout the story little parts of setting are being told, to give a clearer picture for a better understanding of the story. Jackson foreshadows a surprise ending. Foreshadowing is to hint of something  that would follow with the story. As the story continues the reader is told that school has let out for the summer, and yet the â€Å"feeling of liberty sits uneasily with the children† (456), which is strange, for no normal kid would be anything less than ecstatic over summer break. Finally, the children are said to be building â€Å"a pile of stones in one corner of the square† (456), which is a very strange game for children to play. All of these hints indicate that something strange and unexpected is going to happen, and they all will make sense once we discuss the story’s final outcome. Symbolism is also a strong element of the story. The introduction of the black box carried by Mr. Summer (456) is a key turning point showing symbolism, which is anything in a story that represents something else, giving the awful ominous answers to all those foreshadowing hints. When the black box is brought in, it’s said to be a tradition that no one liked to upset. The villagers kept their distance from the box, as though they feared it (461). More and more the town’s peculiarity begins to become apparent. For an example, the names of certain residents hit at the irony and unfavorable events to come. From the author’s extravagant detailing of the town, one would expect this â€Å"lottery† to be a chance for one lucky family to win some money. Instead, the winner’s â€Å"prize† is death-by stoning In the story Tessie won the prize when Bill, her husband, forced the paper out of her hand (461). The portrayal of the residents at the end of th e story is disturbing–they go about killing the â€Å"winner† ritualistically, trying to â€Å"finish quickly.† (461). They show no empathy at all–they’re simply following an ancient ritual. Overall Shirley Jackson discusses the movement of the setting, the unusual foreshadowing, and the outermost symbolism in â€Å"The Lottery.† The lesson in this story hits pretty hard. The Lottery’s relationship to real life is that sometimes we are presented with traditions that have been adhered to for as long as anyone can remember, and we forget the reason these customs were created in the first place. The problem is that circumstances can change and make these traditions outdated, useless, and even harmful. Overall the main point of the story is that ignorant and indulgent believers can bring death to an innocent person, so therefore we must re-evaluate our traditions;  otherwise we’re just letting ourselves be stoned.

Lab Safety Sign Quiz (Hazard Symbols)